Statistical data are quantitative (numerical) information about mass phenomena and processes that allow them to be measured, compared, and analyzed. Statistical data serve as a fundamental basis for decision-making in socio-economic, demographic, financial, industrial, and other fields.

Statistical data are formed as a result of specialized observations. These include population censuses, statistical reporting, sample surveys, questionnaires, and administrative data sources. During the data collection process, the information is verified, processed, and summarized.

According to their form of presentation, statistical data are classified into absolute, relative, and average indicators. Absolute indicators reflect the total volume of a phenomenon, relative indicators enable comparisons, and average indicators characterize the general level. In addition, statistical data may be presented in the form of time series and by territorial breakdowns.

Statistical data must meet the requirements of reliability, accuracy, and comparability. Therefore, unified methodologies, classifications, and calculation methods are applied in their formation. Reducing statistical errors and ensuring the objectivity of results are of great importance.

Statistical data are widely used in the analysis of socio-economic development, identification of trends and patterns, forecasting, and justification of management decisions. They represent an important source of information for public authorities, scientific research, business, and the general public.